Malnutrition

What is malnutrition?

Malnutrition is not obtaining the proper nutrients necessary for regular bodily growth and function. Loss of weight and a compromised immune system result from the body's energy requirements not being met by calorie consumption.

Risk Factors

General risk factors include:

• Chronic illness
• Neurologic illness, such as stroke, muscle weakness or dementia
• Difficulty chewing or swallowing food
• Conditions affecting nutrient absorption or processing
  • Celiac disease
  • Short gut syndrome

Symptoms

The symptoms of malnutrition vary depending on the type. Symptoms will typically include:

• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Easy bruising
• Poor healing after injuries
  • Dental problems and bleeding from gums can occur
• Impaired brain function
  • Delayed development
  • Poor attention
  • Apathy

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask you about your medical history, your symptoms, and your oral intake in order to make the proper diagnosis of malnutrition. Protein levels in the body can be measured through blood testing.

Treatments

• Gastrostomy and Gastrojejunostomy tube